– Polish general, geographer.
He was born on January 14, 1793 in Biskupice. He served in the army of the Duchy of Warsaw, taking part in the campaign of 1812 against Russia. He transferred to service in the army of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1827 the army commander, Grand Duke Constantine, assigned him to the staff of the Russian army, which in 1828 and 1829 conducted campaigns against Turkey. He took part in the November Uprising, serving as military governor of Warsaw from August 18 to September 6, 1831, and emigrated after its defeat. As a military adviser to the British mission to Turkey, he carried out missions to that country and also advised the Turkish government, and to both governments he pointed out the nature of the Russian policy and its methods, and he analyzed Russia's concrete actions in Asia Minor and Central Asia. He served in the Turkish army, where he assisted military reforms. In 1848 as commander of the Piedmontese (Sardinian) army he fought against Austria until the ultimate defeat at the Battle of Novara (March 22-23, 1849). After that, he settled in Paris. There he completed work on a map of the Polish lands at a scale of 1:300,000 (published in 1859). He died on February 26, 1861 in Paris.